Kaiārahi Pūoko Taumata Wai Ōmata Raspberry Pi
He ngāwari noa iho tētahi kaupapa pūoko taumata wai ōmata rāhipere pi mēnā ka whakahaere koe i tētahi taipitopito nui i te tuatahi: Ka whakamahia e ngā pine Raspberry Pi GPIO te arorau 3.3V, ahakoa he maha ngā kōwae pūoko taumata wai ōmata e whakahikotia ana e te 5V. Ko te tikanga ka taea e te pūoko te pānui tika i te wai, engari kāore pea tōna huaputa tohu i te haumaru mō te Pi ki te kore koe e whakaū he hototahi 3.3V, ka puta rānei i roto i tētahi shifter taumata.
Ka whakamārama tēnei aratohu me pēhea te waea i tētahi pūoko ōmata ki tētahi Raspberry Pi, pānuitia te tohu mākū/maroke i roto i te Python, me te whakamahi i taua tohu hei papu, puoro, whakamōhiotanga, keu aunoatanga-kāinga rānei.
Te Ture Tuatahi: Kaua e whāngai i te 5V ki roto i te Raspberry Pi GPIO
Ka taea e te Raspberry Pi te whakarato i ngā pine hiko 5V me te 3.3V, engari kua hoahoatia ōna pine tāuru GPIO mō te arorau 3.3V. Mēnā ka tukua e tētahi huaputa pūoko tētahi tohu 5V HIGH hāngai tonu ki tētahi pine GPIO, ka tūkino pea i te Pi.
He maha ngā papa pūoko taumata wai pōkākā ōmata DIY e hokona ana hei kōwae 5V. Ko ētahi he huaputa kohikohi-tuwhera, transistor rānei ka taea te huti haumaru ki te 3.3V, ā, ko ētahi e whakaputa ana i tētahi tohu arorau 5V katoa. Kaua e whakaaro. Takina te momo huaputa kōwae i mua i te waea.
Mō tētahi tatūnga Raspberry Pi haumaru:
- Whakahikotia te pūoko e ai ki tōna ngaohiko whakatauranga.
- Tiria te whenua i waenga i te pūoko, Rāhipere Pi, me te ara iahiko atanga.
- Whakamahia tētahi pūneke taumata arorau, kōwae optocoupler, atanga whakawhitiwhiti, kua whakaūngia rānei te huaputa haumaru-3.3V i mua i te taenga atu o te tohu ki GPIO.
- Kaua rawa e taraiwa hāngai atu i tētahi papu mai i GPIO; Whakamahia he tānga tānga, Atekōkiri MOSFET, pūmana papu rānei.
Mēnā kei te whakataurite koe i ngā kōwhiringa pūoko, he whārangi hua mō tētahi 5Kōwae pūoko V IR he pūwāhi tīmatanga whaitake, engari i ngā wā katoa e whakaū ana i te whanonga huaputa tohu mō te whakamahi i te Raspberry Pi.
He pēhea te pānui a te pūoko taumata wai ōmata i ngā tūnga mākū, maroke hoki
Ka whakamahia e tētahi pūoko taumata wai ōmata te pūoko ā-whakaahua. Kei roto i te tinana pūoko, ka tukuna e tētahi LED pōkākā te mārama ki tētahi aki pūoko āhua poroporo, ā, ka whiwhi te phototransistor, te photodetector rānei i te mārama whakaata.
Ina hau te pito poroporo, Ka whakaata ā-roto te mārama, ā, ka hoki kaha ki te kaiwhiwhi. Kia taupokina te pito e te wai, ka huri te āhua tāhapa, kia iti ake ai te hoki mai o te mārama. Ka tahuri ngā hiko pūoko i taua huringa ōmata ki tētahi huaputa ka taea te whakamahi pēnei i te HIGH/LOW, NPN, PNP, tohu tairitenga/ahumahi rānei i runga anō i te tauira.
Mā tēnei ka whai take te pūoko ōmata mō te haurapa taumata-ira, pēnei i te:
- Taumata whakarunga aunoa o te aquarium
- Whakatō pūoho taumata-hahaka
- Whakatūpato waipuke kōhua
- Haurapa putua o te kura wai
- Mīhini kawhe, pūoko puna pūrere rānei
- Parenga oma maroke papu iti
- Matohi pākete wai AC ā-kawe
Kāore i te rite ki ngā whakakā mānu, Kāore he ringa mānu nekeneke o ngā pūoko ōmata. Ka āwhina tērā i roto i ngā kura kiato, i ngā taupānga rānei e āwangawanga ana te whakapiri pūkaha. Hoianō, Me tāuta tonu te aki pūoko ki te wāhi e pā pono ai te wai ki a ia.
Ripanga Waea GPIO mō te Raspberry Pi
E whakaatu ana te ripanga i raro nei i tētahi ariā waea whānui haumaru mō tētahi kōwae pūoko ōmata 5V e tūhono ana ki tētahi Raspberry Pi mā te neke taumata. He tauira ngā tau pine; ka taea e koe te kōwhiri i ētahi atu pine GPIO i tō hōtuhi Python.
| Pūoko / Ira Kōwae | Tūhono ai ki | Tauira Raspberry Pi | Tuhipoka Hira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pūoko VCC | 5V, putanga pūoko whakatauranga rānei | 5Pine V, mēnā e hiahiatia ana e te kōwae te 5V | Whakamahia anake te ngaohiko i hoahoatia ai te pūoko |
| Pūoko GND | Whenua ngātahi | Pine GND Pi | Pūoko, Pi, ā, me tiri te ara iahiko atekōkiri i te whenua |
| Pūoko PUTA | Taha ngaohiko tiketike o te nekeneke taumata | Kāore i te hāngai ki GPIO mēnā he 5V te huaputa | Ka pare i te Pi mai i te arorau 5V |
| Taha ngaohiko hahaka o te nekeneke taumata | Tāurunga GPIO Raspberry Pi | GPIO17, pine ōkiko 11 | Me kite te GPIO i te mōrahi 3.3V |
| Tāurunga tāpae/MOSFET | GPIO mana papu Raspberry Pi | GPIO27, pine ōkiko 13 | Ka whakahaere te GPIO i tētahi atekōkiri, ehara i te papu hāngai |
| Hiko papu | Putanga papu o waho | Ehara i te mea nō GPIO | Whakataurite motuhake i te ngaohiko papu / o nāianei |
Mō tētahi tohutoro arokite whānui ake, tirohia tēnei hoahoa waea, kātahi ka urutau i te taha tohu mō te parenga Raspberry Pi 3.3V GPIO.
Arorau Waea Raspberry Pi Hipanga-ki-te-Hipanga
Tīmata ki te pūoko anake. Kaua e tūhono i te papu i te wā o te whakamātautau tuatahi.
Tuatahi, Whakahikotia te pūoko ōmata e ai ki tōna ngaohiko whakatauranga. I te nuinga o te wā ka taea te whakahiko i tētahi kōwae 5V mai i te pine Pi 5V mō tētahi whakamātautau iti, engari me whakamahi e ngā pūnaha nui ake tētahi putanga o waho pūmau. Tūhonoa te whenua pūoko ki te whenua Raspberry Pi.
Hēkona, Ararere i te huaputa pūoko mā tētahi atanga haumaru. Mēnā he 5V pana-kume te huaputa, Whakamahia he nekeneke taumata, he optocoupler rānei. Mēnā he NPN kaikohi-tuwhera te huaputa, ka taea pea e koe te whakamahi i tētahi kume-ake 3.3V i te taha o te Raspberry Pi, engari whakaūngia te ara iahiko kōwae i mua i te mahi i tēnei.
Tuatoru, tūhonoa te tohu haumaru 3.3V ki tētahi tāurunga GPIO pēnei i te GPIO17. I roto i te Python, Whirihoratia taua PIN hei tāuru. E ai ki te huaputa pūoko, Tērā pea ka hiahiatia e koe he kume-ake, he kume-whakararo rānei ā-roto. Mēnā ka puta whakamuri te arorau, kaua e wehi; he maha ngā kōwae ōmata e pūrongo ana i te ITI ina mākū me te TEITEI ina maroke, ko ētahi e mahi ana i te tauaro.
tuawha, Whakamātauria ngā āhuatanga mākū, maroke hoki mā te toua anake i te pito poroporo ki roto i te wai. Mātakina te āhua GPIO kua tāngia. Whakaūngia ngā huringa pūoko i ngā wā katoa i mua i te tāpiri i tētahi mapu, aunoatanga rānei.
Koromeke Python Mōkito: He aha te mahi
Kāore koe e hiahia ki tētahi papatono matatini mō te whakamātautau tuatahi. E rima ngā mea e mahia ana e te koromeke Python mōkito:
- Kawemai i tētahi puna Raspberry Pi GPIO.
- Kōwhiria te tautanga pine BCM.
- Tautuhia te pine pūoko hei tāuru.
- Pānuitia auautia te pine.
- Tāngia te "mākū", te "maroke" rānei i runga anō i te āhua GPIO.
Ka taea e te koromeke te taki i te pūoko ia hāwhe hēkona, ia hēkona rānei. Mēnā he TEITEI te tāuru, tāngia tētahi āhua; mēnā he ITI, tāngia tētahi atu. I muri i te whakamātau i te pūoko tūturu, Tapaina tikahia ngā tūnga i roto i tō hōtuhi.
Mō tētahi putanga mana-papu, tāpirihia he pine GPIO tuarua hei huaputa. Kia pāpaku te taumata wai, ka taea e te hōtuhi te whakakā i tētahi tāpae, tāurunga MOSFET rānei. Ina kite te pūoko i te wai i te taumata ūnga, Ka whakawetohia e te hōtuhi te papu. Tāpirihia he tepenga wā whakahaere mōrahi kia kore ai e taea e te papu te haere mō ake tonu atu mēnā ka momotu te pūoko, paruparu, tāuta hē rānei.
Me whai hōtuhi papu haumaru:
- Whakaūnga āhua mākū/maroke
- Takaware, whakaheke rānei hei karo i te whakawhiti hē
- Mōrahi wā mapu
- Āhua hapa ki te kore e huri te pānui pūoko
- Kōwhiringa takahi, whakaweto ā-ringa rānei
- Whakamōhiotanga ina ngoikore te wai, ina puta mai rānei te wāhiki papu
Ngā Whakaaro Papu me te Whakamōhiotanga
Mō tētahi puna DIY, ka taea e te Raspberry Pi te mahi nui ake i te pānui i te pūoko. Ka taea e ia te whakaoho i te buzzer, ARAHI, papa tānga, Atekōkiri papu MOSFET, aiea, Karere Telegram, Kaupapa MQTT, aunoatanga Kaiāwhina Kāinga rānei.
Ngā tauira arorau pūnoa:
- Mēnā kua maroke te kura, Tukua he whakamōhiotanga waea.
- Mēnā he iti te puna, whakakāngia te papu whakakī anō.
- Ki te mākū te pūoko o runga, whakamutua te mapu.
- Mēnā he roa rawa te rere o te mapu, whakaweto me te tuku matohi.
- Mēnā ka mākū te pūoko waipuke, monokia tonu te papu.
Mō te mana papu, whakamahia he tānga whakatauranga tika, he kōwae MOSFET rānei. Me homai anake e te pine Raspberry Pi GPIO he tohu mana. Me puta mai te papu o nāianei i tētahi puna hiko motuhake e rahi ana mō te papu.
Mō te whaikiko teitei ake, He maha ngā kaihanga e whakamahi ana i ngā pūoko e rua: Kotahi pūoko taumata-iti mō te tīmatanga papu me tētahi pūoko taumata tiketike mō te tū mapu, te parenga waipuke rānei. He haumaru ake tēnei i te whakawhirinaki ki te wāhi kotahi anake.
Ngā Here-Mai Aunoatanga Kāinga
Ka taea e tētahi pūoko taumata ōmata Raspberry Pi te uru ki roto i ngā pūnaha aunoatanga kāinga maha. Me te MQTT, ka taea e te Pi te whakaputa i tētahi kaupapa pēnei i te tank/status = wet or tank/status = dry. Kātahi ka taea e te Kaiāwhina Kāinga te whakaatu hei pūoko ā-rua me te whakaoho aunoatanga.
Mō ngā kaiwhakamahi aquarium, Ka taea e te ariā ōrite te tautoko i ngā pūnaha whakarunga aunoa. Mō ngā kaiwhakatipu tipu, Ka taea e ia te pūrongo i te taumata iti o te puna. Mō te aroturuki pūrere, ka taea e ia te kite i tētahi pākete wai, kura iti rānei e tae ana ki tētahi wāhi whakatūpato.
He Putanga Arduino he māmā ake pea mō tētahi pūoko kotahi me te tānga, i te mea he kaha ake te Raspberry Pi ina hiahia koe ki te whatunga, rangitaki, paemana, whakamōhiotanga, te urunga rānei ki ētahi atu pūrere atamai.
Ki te hāngai, Ka taea hoki e HojellyTek te tautoko i ngā kaupapa aroturuki taumata wai o Tuya/Smart Life, i te nuinga o te wā e hiahia ana te kaihoko ki tētahi ara hua ake, kaua ko tētahi tauira papa parāoa tārewa.
Tinana Pūoko, Rauemi, Huaputa, me ngā Kōwhiringa Whakatūnga
Mō tētahi whakamātautau tēpu, He mea nui rawa te kāhua kōwae. Mō tētahi utanga tūturu, He rite tonu te nui o te tinana pūoko me te kāhua whakatū.
Ko ngā kōwhiringa rauemi mākū noa ko te kirihou PSU, PTFE, 316 tīra poapoa, me te karaehe. He pūnoa te PSU mō ngā taupānga taumata-wai kiato. He whaitake te PTFE ina hiahiatia he parenga matū. 316 I te nuinga o te wā ka tīpakohia te tīra poapoa mō te whakapā wai ahumahi me te kaha pūkaha. Ka whai take te karaehe mō ngā whakaritenga hototahi ōmata, matū rānei.
Ko te momo huaputa tētahi atu pūwāhi hoko matua. Ko te tikanga me whai tohu mākū/maroke mamati tētahi tāurunga Raspberry Pi DIY ka taea te tahuri haumaru ki te 3.3V. Ka hiahiatia pea e ngā pūnaha ahumahi te NPN, PNP, whakawhiti kāhua-tānga, huaputa 4–20 mA rānei mō te whakamahi PLC me te paewhiri-mana. Mō te Raspberry Pi, I te nuinga o te wā he ngāwari kē atu te atanga haumaru o ngā huaputa NPN, kaikohi tuwhera rānei mēnā ka tika te whakahaere i te kume-ake.
Me ōrite te whakatūnga ki te kura. Kei roto pea i ngā kōwhiringa ko te whakatūnga miro, tāutanga pakitara taha, tāutanga poutū, whakamau harakeke, Ngā ahu tinana ritenga ake rānei. Me noho te aki pūoko ki te taumata whakatau tūturu. Mēnā e honga ana, kua āraia e ngā mirumiru, whakakikoruatia e te toenga, kua purua rānei ki tētahi rohe mate, Tērā pea ka kore e pono ngā pānui.
Mō ngā waihanga hua, he hiri pūoko taumata ōmata i te nuinga o te wā he nui ake te whakawhirinaki i te papa DIY tārewa e iri ana i te taha o te kura.
Ngā Aratau Rahunga Pūnoa me ngā Whakatika
| Raru | Te Take Tūpono | He aha hei taki |
|---|---|---|
| Ka pānui te GPIO i te HIGH i ngā wā katoa | Arorau kume-ake, Momo huaputa hē, Kāore he huringa āhua | Whakamātauria ngā tūnga mākū/maroke mā te mita |
| Ka pānui te GPIO i te ITI i ngā wā katoa | Waea huaputa NPN, kume-ake ngaro, whenua hē | Whakaūngia te whenua ngātahi me te kume-ake |
| Ka tūkino a Pi | 5Tohu V ki GPIO, turituri papu, hiko ngoikore | Whakamahia te neke taumata me te hiko papu motuhake |
| Kā/weto ngā kōrerorero mapu | Ngā Ngaru, tārewa, kāore he tāwhana | Tāpirihia te takaware me te whakaūnga tūnga |
| Pānui mākū teka | whakatōpū, mirumiru, toenga i runga i te pororua | Horoi aki me te whakatika i te whakatūnga |
| Kāore he urupare papu | Tāurunga tānga tānga hē rānei te papu taraiwa GPIO | Whakamahia te atekōkiri tānga whakatauranga/MOSFET |
| Ka mahi te pūoko i runga i te tēpu engari kāore i roto i te kura | He iti te tūnga whakatū, te haruru taura rānei | Haumaru te pūoko me te ararere taura atu i te taura papu |
He aha hei taki i mua i te tono pūoko
I mua i te kōwhiri i tētahi pūoko taumata wai ōmata mō Raspberry Pi, Whakaū:
- Ngaohiko putanga pūoko
- Ngaohiko huaputa me te 3.3V-haumaru
- Momo huaputa: Mamati, NPN, PNP, tairitenga rānei
- Āhua arorau mākū/maroke
- Miro whakatū, taiapa rānei e hiahiatia ana
- Hototahitanga rauemi mākū ki te wai
- Te roanga o te taura me te kāhua tūhono
- Mēnā ka tūpono te pūoko ki te uaua., huka, kiriata hinu, toenga rānei
- Ahakoa e hiahiatia ana e te kaupapa kia kotahi te pūoko, kia rua rānei mō te mana papu haumaru ake
Mō ngā kaupapa OEM/ODM, Ka taea e HojellyTek te āwhina ki te whakaōrite i te hoahoa pūoko ōmata, momo huaputa, papanga, taura, me te whakatū ki ngā taputapu whakamutunga, kaua e whakahau i tētahi kōwae whakangahau whānui ki tētahi hua whakanao.
FQ
Ka taea e au te tūhono hāngai atu i tētahi pūoko taumata wai ōmata 5V ki te Raspberry Pi GPIO?
Kāore. Kaua te pine Raspberry Pi GPIO e whiwhi tohu 5V. Mēnā he 5V te huaputa pūoko, Whakamahia he Shifter Taumata, pūrehurehu, kua whakaūngia rānei te ara iahiko kohikohi tuwhera ki te 3.3V.
He aha te waea haumaru rawa mō tētahi kaupapa pūoko taumata wai ōmata raspberry pi?
Whakahikotia te pūoko ki tōna ngaohiko whakatauranga, tiri whenua, tukua te huaputa mā tētahi atanga haumaru-3.3V, kātahi ka tūhono ki tētahi tāurunga GPIO. Kaua e tūhono hāngai atu i tētahi tohu 5V ki te Pi.
Ko tēhea pine GPIO me whakamahi e au?
Ka taea te mahi i ngā GPIO ā-tāuru e wātea ana. He tauira noa iho te GPIO17 mō te tāurunga pūoko, ā, ko te GPIO27 he tauira noa mō tētahi tāpae, tohu mana MOSFET rānei.
He aha taku pūoko i pānui ai i te āhua tauaro?
He maha ngā pūoko ōmata kua kōarotia te arorau i runga anō i tō rātou ara iahiko ā-roto. Whakamātauria ngā tūnga maroke me te mākū i te tuatahi, kātahi ka tapa tika i te HIGH me te LOW i tō hōtuhi Python.
Ka taea e te Raspberry Pi te whakahiko i te papu?
Kāore. Me whakahaere anake e te Pi tētahi tāpae, atekōkiri MOSFET rānei. E hiahiatia ana e te papu tētahi puna hiko motuhake i whakatauria mō tōna ngaohiko me tōna nāianei.
Āhea me whakamahi e au tētahi pūoko hua, kaua ko tētahi kōwae DIY?
Whakamahia he pūoko hua ina hiahia hanganga hiritia te kaupapa, whakamaunga tukurua, hononga taura pūmau, hototahitanga rauemi, Whakaurunga OEM, parenga mapu/waipuke mo te wā roa rānei.
Tonoa he Tūtohutanga Pūoko
He huarahi pai te tauira Raspberry Pi ki te whakamatau i te arorau, Engari me haumaru ake ngā waea o ngā taputapu whakanao, hiri pai ake, momo huaputa tika, me te whakatūnga pono. Ko HojellyTek he kaiwhakanao Shenzhen me te kawekawe e arotahi ana ki te taumata wai whatu whakaahua, me te R ā-whare&D, Tautoko OEM/ODM, me te wheako kaweake mō te US, MATOU, me Īnia.
Mō tētahi tauira Raspberry Pi, kaupapa whakahaere papu, puna atamai, pūrere taumata-wai OEM rānei, tonoa he whakahua mā WhatsApp, īmēra rānei me te tiritiri i tō momo wai, ngaohiko pūoko, Whakaritenga GPIO/atanga, kāhua whakamau, me te arorau whakawhiti mākū/maroke ūnga.
